Labor Laws

Labor Rights in the Constitution:

The Constitution of Pakistan encompasses several provisions related to labor rights under Part II: Fundamental Rights and Principles of Policy.

• Article 11: Prohibits all forms of slavery, forced labour, and child labour.

• Article 17: Guarantees the fundamental right to freedom of association and the formation of unions.

• Article 18: Ensures the right of citizens to enter any lawful profession or occupation and to conduct lawful trade or business.

• Article 25: Establishes the right to equality before the law and prohibits discrimination solely based on sex.

• Article 37(e): Provides for just and humane working conditions, prohibits the employment of children and women in unsuitable vocations, and mandates maternity benefits for women in employment.

Pakistan’s labor laws have evolved from legislation inherited from India at the time of the Indo-Pak partition. These laws have adapted to socio-economic changes, industrial development, population growth, the expansion of trade unions, literacy levels, and shifts in government governance. Since independence, the government has introduced various labour policies to reflect changes from martial law to democratic governance.

Labour is considered a ‘concurrent subject’ under the Constitution, meaning it is managed by both Federal and Provincial Governments. Federal laws provide a uniform framework, while Provincial Governments have the authority to create specific rules and regulations based on regional conditions and requirements. Pakistan’s labour force consists of approximately 37.15 million people, with 47% in agriculture, 10.5% in manufacturing and mining, and the remaining 42.5% in other professions.

Legal Sols Advocates, through its partners and associates, specializes in this area of law. Its advocates are well-equipped to address and protect clients' labour rights. For a nominal fee, the firm offers exceptional legal services and maintains long-term client relationships. Legal Sols takes pride in representing your best interests before any legal forum.

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